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Kv1 - KCNA Encoded Potassium Channel in Mammal Circadian Clock Neurons at 20◦C



Smith P., Buhl E., Tsaneva-Atanasova K., Hodge J.J.L. Shaw and Shal voltage-gated potassium channels mediate circadian changes in Drosophila clock neuron excitability. J Physiol. 2019 Dec597(23):5707- 5722. doi: 10.1113/JP278826. Epub 2019 Nov 13. PMID: 31612994.

Model Details

Kv1 - KCNA Encoded Potassium Channel in Human DRG Sensory Neurons at 37◦C



Zheng Y., Liu P., Bai L., Trimmer J.S., Bean B.P., Ginty D.D. Deep Sequencing of SomatosensoryNeurons Reveals Molecular Determinants of Intrinsic Physiological Properties. Neuron. 2019 Aug 21103(4):598- 616.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.039. Epub 2019 Jun 24. PMID: 31248728 PMCID: PMC6706313.

Model Details

Kv1.1 - KCNA1 Encoded Cloned Rat Brain Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at24◦C



Christie M.J., Adelman J.P., Douglass J., North R.A. Expression of a cloned rat brain potassium channel in Xenopus oocytes. Science. 1989 Apr 14244(4901):221-4. doi: 10.1126/science.2539643. PMID: 2539643.

Model Details

Kv1.1 - KCNA1 Encoded Potassium Channel in Human Purkinje Neurons at 24◦C



Akemann W., Knöpfel T. Interaction of Kv3 potassium channels and resurgent sodium current influences the rate of spontaneous firing of Purkinje neurons. J Neurosci. 2006 Apr 2626(17):4602-12. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5204-05.2006. PMID: 16641240 PMCID: PMC6674064.

Model Details

Kv1.1/1.2 - KCNA1/2 Encoded Potassium Channel in Adult Guinea Pig VCN Neurons at22◦C



Rothman J.S., Manis P.B. The roles potassium currents play in regulating the electrical activity of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun89(6):3097-113. doi: 10.1152/jn.00127.2002. PMID: 12783953

Model Details

Kv1.2 - KCNA2 Encoded Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at 20◦C



Sprunger L.K., Stewig N.J., O’Grady S.M. Effects of charybdotoxin on K+ channel (Kv1.2) deactivation and inactivation kinetics. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Oct 31314(3):357-64. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(96)00556-0. PMID: 8957259.

Model Details

Kv1.2 - KCNA2 Encoded Potassium Channel in SNc DA Neurons at 20-22◦C



Chan C.S., Guzman J.N., Ilijic E., Mercer J.N., Rick C., Tkatch T., Meredith G.E., Surmeier D.J. ’Rejuvenation’ protects neurons in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease. Nature. 2007 Jun 28447(7148):1081-6. doi: 10.1038/nature05865. Epub 2007 Jun 10. PMID: 17558391

Model Details

Kv1.3 - KCNA3 Encoded Potassium Channel in Rat Oocytes at 22◦C



Douglass J., Osborne P.B., Cai Y.C., Wilkinson M., Christie M.J., Adelman J.P. Characterization and functional expression of a rat genomic DNA clone encoding a lymphocyte potassium channel. J Immunol. 1990 Jun 15144(12):4841-50. PMID: 2351830.

Model Details

Kv1.4 - KCNA4 Encoded Cloned Rat Brain Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at22◦C



Stühmer W., Ruppersberg J.P., Schröter K.H., Sakmann B., Stocker M., Giese K.P., Perschke A., Baumann A, Pongs O. Molecular basis of functional diversity of voltage-gated potassium channels in mammalian brain. EMBO J. 1989 Nov8(11):3235-44. doi: 10.1002/j.1460- 2075.1989.tb08483.x. PMID: 2555158 PMCID: PMC401447.

Model Details

Kv1.5 - KCNA5 Encoded Potassium Channel in Human Oocytes at 22◦C



Philipson L.H., Hice R.E., Schaefer K., LaMendola J., Bell G.I., Nelson D.J., Steiner D.F. Sequence and functional expression in Xenopus oocytes of a human insulinoma and islet potassium channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1991 Jan 188(1):53-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.1.53. PMID: 1986382 PMCID: PMC50746.

Model Details

Kv1.6 - KCNA6 Encoded Cloned Rat Brain Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at23◦C



Grupe A., Schröter K.H., Ruppersberg J.P., Stocker M., Drewes T., Beckh S., Pongs O. Cloning and expression of a human voltage-gated potassium channel. A novel member of the RCK potassium channel family. EMBO J. 1990 Jun9(6):1749-56. doi: 10.1002/j.1460- 2075.1990.tb08299.x. PMID: 2347305 PMCID: PMC551878.

Model Details

Kv2 - KCNB Encoded Potassium Channel in Drosophila Ventral Lateral Neurons at20-22◦C



Smith P., Buhl E., Tsaneva-Atanasova K., Hodge J.J.L. Shaw and Shal voltage-gated potassium channels mediate circadian changes in Drosophila clock neuron excitability. J Physiol. 2019 Dec597(23):5707- 5722. doi: 10.1113/JP278826. Epub 2019 Nov 13. PMID: 31612994.

Model Details

Kv2 - KCNB Encoded Potassium Channel in Human DRG Sensory Neurons at 37◦C



Zheng Y., Liu P., Bai L., Trimmer J.S., Bean B.P., Ginty D.D. Deep Sequencing of Somatosensory Neurons Reveals Molecular Determinants of Intrinsic Physiological Properties. Neuron. 2019 Aug 21103(4):598- 616.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.039. Epub 2019 Jun 24. PMID: 31248728 PMCID: PMC6706313.

Model Details

Kv2.1 - KCNB1 Encoded Cloned Rat Brain Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at23◦C



VanDongen A.M., Frech G.C., Drewe J.A., Joho R.H., Brown A.M.. Alteration and restoration of K+ channel function by deletions at the N- and C-termini. Neuron. 1990 Oct5(4):433-43. doi: 10.1016/0896- 6273(90)90082-q. PMID: 2206531.

Model Details

Kv2.2 - KCNB2 Encoded Canine Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at 23◦C



Schmalz F., Kinsella J., Koh S.D., Vogalis F., Schneider A., Flynn E.R., Kenyon J.L., Horowitz B. Molecular identification of a component of delayed rectifier current in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Am J Physiol. 1998 May274(5):G901-11. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1998.274.5.G901. PMID: 9612272.

Model Details

Kv3 - KCNC Encoded Potassium Channel in Human DRG Sensory Neurons at 37◦C



Zheng Y., Liu P., Bai L., Trimmer J.S., Bean B.P., Ginty D.D. Deep Sequencing of SomatosensoryNeurons Reveals Molecular Determinants of Intrinsic Physiological Properties. Neuron. 2019 Aug 21103(4):598- 616.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.039. Epub 2019 Jun 24. PMID: 31248728 PMCID: PMC6706313.

Model Details

Kv3.1 - KCNC1 Encoded Cloned Rat Brain Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at23◦C



Rettig J., Wunder F., Stocker M., Lichtinghagen R., Mastiaux F., Beckh S., Kues W., Pedarzani P., Schröter K.H., Ruppersberg J.P., et al. Characterization of a Shaw-related potassium channel family in rat brain. EMBO J. 1992 Jul11(7):2473-86. doi: 10.1002/j.1460- 2075.1992.tb05312.x. PMID: 1378392 PMCID: PMC556722.

Model Details

Kv3.1 - KCNC1 Encoded Potassium Channel in Adult Guinea Pig VCN Neurons at22◦C



Rothman J.S., Manis P.B. The roles potassium currents play in regulating the electrical activity of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun89(6):3097-113. doi: 10.1152/jn.00127.2002. PMID: 12783953.

Model Details

Kv3.2 - KCNC2 Encoded Potassium Channel in CHO Cells at 21-23◦C



Hernández-Pineda R., Chow A., Amarillo Y.,Moreno H., SaganichM., Vega-Saenz de Miera E.C., Hernández-Cruz A., Rudy B.. Kv3.1-Kv3.2 channels underlie a high-voltage-activating component of the delayed rectifier K+ current in projecting neurons from the globus pallidus. J Neurophysiol. 1999 Sep82(3):1512-28. doi: 10.1152/jn.1999.82.3.1512. PMID: 10482766.

Model Details

Kv3.3 - KCNC3 Encoded Potassium Channel in Human Dentate Granule Neurons at33◦C



Beining M., Mongiat L.A., Schwarzacher S.W., Cuntz H., Jedlicka P. T2N as a new tool for robust electrophysiological modeling demonstrated for mature and adult-born dentate granule cells. Elife. 2017 Nov 226:e26517. doi: 10.7554/eLife.26517. PMID: 29165247 PMCID: PMC5737656.

Model Details

Kv3.3 - KCNC3 Encoded Apteronotus Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at 23◦C



Rashid A.J., Morales E., Turner R.W., Dunn R.J. The contribution of dendritic Kv3 K+ channels to burst threshold in a sensory neuron. J Neurosci. 2001 Jan 121(1):125-35. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-01- 00125.2001. PMID: 11150328 PMCID: PMC6762436.

Model Details

Kv3.3 - KCNC3 Encoded Mouse Potassium Channel in CHO Cells at 21-23◦C



Desai R., Kronengold J., Mei J., Forman S.A., Kaczmarek L.K. Protein kinase C modulates inactivation of Kv3.3 channels. J Biol Chem. 2008 Aug 8283(32):22283-94. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M801663200. Epub 2008 Jun 6. PMID: 18539595 PMCID: PMC2494927.

Model Details

Kv3.4 - KCNC4 Encoded Potassium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at 20-22◦C



Vega-Saenz de Miera E., Moreno H., Fruhling D., Kentros C., Rudy B.. Cloning of ShIII (Shaw-like) cDNAs encoding a novel high-voltageactivating, TEA-sensitive, type-A K+ channel. Proc Biol Sci. 1992 Apr 22248(1321):9-18. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1992.0036. PMID: 1381835.

Model Details

Kv3.4 - KCNC4 Encoded Potassium Channel in Human Dentate Granule Neurons at33◦C



Beining M., Mongiat L.A., Schwarzacher S.W., Cuntz H., Jedlicka P. T2N as a new tool for robust electrophysiological modeling demonstrated for mature and adult-born dentate granule cells. Elife. 2017 Nov 226:e26517. doi: 10.7554/eLife.26517. PMID: 29165247 PMCID: PMC5737656.

Model Details

Kv3.4 - KCNC4 Encoded Potassium Channel in Mouse TEA-sensitive CerebellarPurkinje Neurons at 37◦C



Masoli S., Solinas S., D’Angelo E. Action potential processing in a detailed Purkinje cell model reveals a critical role for axonal compartmentalization. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015 Feb 249:47. doi: 10.3389/fncel. 2015.00047. PMID: 25759640 PMCID: PMC4338753.

Model Details

Kv4 - KCND Encoded Potassium Channel in Human DRG Sensory Neurons at 37◦C



Zheng Y., Liu P., Bai L., Trimmer J.S., Bean B.P., Ginty D.D. Deep Sequencing of SomatosensoryNeurons Reveals Molecular Determinants of Intrinsic Physiological Properties. Neuron. 2019 Aug 21103(4):598- 616.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.039. Epub 2019 Jun 24. PMID: 31248728 PMCID: PMC6706313.

Model Details

Kv4.2 - KCND2 Encoded Potassium Channel in Neocortical L5PC at 22-25◦C



Bekkers J.M. Properties of voltage-gated potassium currents in nucleated patches from large layer 5 cortical pyramidal neurons of the rat. J Physiol. 2000 Jun 15525 Pt 3(Pt 3):593-609. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01- 1-00593.x. PMID: 10856115 PMCID: PMC2269964.

Model Details

Kv4.2 - KCND2 Encoded Potassium Channel in Adult Guinea Pig VCN Neurons at22◦C



Rothman J.S., Manis P.B. The roles potassium currents play in regulating the electrical activity of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun89(6):3097-113. doi: 10.1152/jn.00127.2002. PMID: 12783953.

Model Details

Kv4.3 - KCND3 Encoded Potassium Channel in Human Purkinje Neurons at 24◦C



Akemann W., Knöpfel T. Interaction of Kv3 potassium channels and resurgent sodium current influences the rate of spontaneous firing of Purkinje neurons. J Neurosci. 2006 Apr 2626(17):4602-12. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5204-05.2006. PMID: 16641240 PMCID: PMC6674064.

Model Details

IKs (Kv7.1) - KCNQ1 Encoded Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channel in Bullfrog AtrialCells at 22◦C



Rasmusson, R.L., Clark, J.W., Giles, W.R., Robinson, K., Clark, R.B., Shibata, E.F., Campbell, D.L. 1990. A Mathematical Model of Electrophysiological Activity in a Bullfrog Atrial Cell. Am. J. Physiol. 259 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 28):H370-H389.


Model Details

Kv7.2 - KCNQ2 Encoded Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel in hiPSC-DRG Neuronsat Room Temperature



Mis M.A., Yang Y., Tanaka B.S., Gomis-Perez C., Liu S., Dib-Hajj F., Adi T., Garcia-Milian R., Schulman B.R., Dib-Hajj S.D., Waxman S.G. Resilience to Pain: A Peripheral Component Identified Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Dynamic Clamp. J Neurosci. 2019 Jan 1639(3):382-392. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2433-18.2018. Epub 2018 Nov 20. PMID: 30459225 PMCID: PMC6335750.

Model Details

IKr (Kv11.1) - hERG in CHO Cells at 37◦C



Adeniran I, McPate MJ, Witchel HJ, Hancox JC, Zhang H (2011) Increased Vulnerability of Human Ventricle to Re-entrant Excitation in hERG-linked Variant 1 Short QT Syndrome. PLoS Comput. Biol., 7(12): e1002313.


Model Details

IKr (Kv11.1) - hERG in Xenopus Oocytes at 20◦C



Wang, S., Liu, S.,Morales,M. J., Strauss, H. C., Rasmusson, R. L., (1997). A quantitative analysis of the activation and inactivation of HERG expressed in Xenopus oocytes. J. Physiol., 502.1.


Model Details

IKr (Kv11.1) - hERG in Ferret Atrial Myocytes at 20◦C



Liu, S., Rasmusson, R. L., Campbell, D. L., Wang, S., Strauss, H. C., (1996). Activation and Inactivation Kinetics of an E-4031-Sensitive Current from Single Ferret Atrial Myocytes. Biophys. J., 70 : 2704 − 15.


More Details

IKr (Kv11.1) - hERG in CHO Cells at 12◦C - 37◦C



Li, Z., Dutta, S., Sheng, J., Tran, P. N., Wu, W., Colatsky, T., (2016). A Temperature-dependent in silico Model of the Human ether-a-gogo- related (hERG) Gene Channel. J. of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vascn.2016.05.005.


More Details

IKr (Kv11.1) - Updated hERG in CHO Cells at 12◦C - 37◦C



Zhihua Li, Sara Dutta, Jiansong Sheng, Phu N. Tran,WendyWu, Kelly Chang, Thembi Mdluli, David G. Strauss, Thomas Colatsky, (2017). Improving the In Silico Assessment of Proarrhythmia Risk by Combining hERG (Human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene) Channel-Drug Binding Kinetics and Multichannel Pharmacology. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol., 10(2): e004628.


Model Details

IKr (Kv11.1) - CiPAORdv1.0 Dynamic hERG Drug-Binding Model at 20◦C - 37◦C



Zhihua Li, Sara Dutta, Jiansong Sheng, Phu N. Tran,WendyWu, Kelly Chang, Thembi Mdluli, David G. Strauss, Thomas Colatsky, (2017). Improving the In Silico Assessment of Proarrhythmia Risk by Combining hERG (Human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene) Channel-Drug Binding Kinetics and Multichannel Pharmacology. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol., 10(2): e004628.


Model Details

Ito - Kv1.4 in Xenopus Oocytes at Room Temperature



Bett, G.C., Dinga-Madou, I., Zhou, Q., Bondarenko, V.E., Rasmusson, R.L. 2011. A Model of the Interaction between N-type and C-type Inactivation in Kv1.4 Channels. Biophys. J. 100 : 11 − 21.


Model Details

Ito - Kv4.2/4.3 in Ferret Ventricular Myocytes at 21-23◦C



Campbell, D.L., Rasmusson, R.L., Qu, Y., Strauss, H.C. 1993. The Calcium-independent Transient Outward Potassium Current in Isolated Ferret Right Ventricular Myocytes. J. Gen. Physiol. 101 : 571 − 601.


Model Details

IK - K+ Channel in Mammal SCN Neurons at Room Temperature



Sim C.K., Forger D.B. Modeling the electrophysiology of suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons. J Biol Rhythms. 2007 Oct22(5):445-53. doi: 10.1177/0748730407306041. PMID: 17876065.

Model Details

IK - K+ Channel in Human DRG Neurons at 21◦C



Verma P., Kienle A., Flockerzi D., Ramkrishna D. Using Bifurcation Theory for Exploring Pain. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2020. doi: 10.1101/757187 bioRxiv: 757187


Model Details

IKv - Fast Rectifying Potassium Channel at 23◦C



Berecki G., Howell K.B., Deerasooriya Y.H., Cilio M.R., Oliva M.K., Kaplan D., Scheffer I.E., Berkovic S.F., Petrou S. Dynamic action potential clamp predicts functional separation in mild familial and severe de novo forms of SCN2A epilepsy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018 Jun 12115(24):E5516-E5525. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1800077115. Epub 2018 May 29. PMID: 29844171 PMCID: PMC6004444.

Model Details

IKA - A-Type K+ Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at 22◦C



Mandge D., Manchanda R. A biophysically detailed computational model of urinary bladder small DRG neuron soma. PLoS Comput Biol. 2018 Jul 1814(7):e1006293. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006293. PMID: 30020934 PMCID: PMC6066259.

Model Details

IKA - A-Type K+ Channel in Adult Rat Sensory Neurons at 21◦C



Sheets P.L., Jackson J.O. 2nd, Waxman S.G., Dib-Hajj S.D., Cummins T.R. A Nav1.7 channel mutation associated with hereditary erythromelalgia contributes to neuronal hyperexcitability and displays reduced lidocaine sensitivity. J Physiol. 2007 Jun 15581(Pt 3):1019-31. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.127027. Epub 2007 Apr 12. PMID: 17430993 PMCID: PMC2170829.

Model Details

IKCNQ/M - KCNQ Encoded (M-Current) Ion Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at 22◦C



Mandge D., Manchanda R. A biophysically detailed computational model of urinary bladder small DRG neuron soma. PLoS Comput Biol. 2018 Jul 1814(7):e1006293. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006293. PMID: 30020934 PMCID: PMC6066259.

Model Details

IKCNQ - KCNQ (Kv7) Encoded Ion Channel in SNc DA Neurons at 20-22◦C



Chan C.S., Guzman J.N., Ilijic E., Mercer J.N., Rick C., Tkatch T., Meredith G.E., Surmeier D.J. ’Rejuvenation’ protects neurons in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease. Nature. 2007 Jun 28447(7148):1081-6. doi: 10.1038/nature05865. Epub 2007 Jun 10. PMID: 17558391.

Model Details

IKDR - K+ Delayed Rectifier in Rat DRG Neurons at 22◦C



Mandge D., Manchanda R. A biophysically detailed computational model of urinary bladder small DRG neuron soma. PLoS Comput Biol. 2018 Jul 1814(7):e1006293. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006293. PMID: 30020934 PMCID: PMC6066259.

Model Details

IKDR - Delayed Rectifier in Adult Rat Sensory Neurons at 21◦C



Sheets P.L., Jackson J.O. 2nd, Waxman S.G., Dib-Hajj S.D., Cummins T.R. A Nav1.7 channel mutation associated with hereditary erythromelalgia contributes to neuronal hyperexcitability and displays reduced lidocaine sensitivity. J Physiol. 2007 Jun 15581(Pt 3):1019-31. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.127027. Epub 2007 Apr 12. PMID: 17430993 PMCID: PMC2170829.

Model Details

IKDR - K+ Delayed Rectifier in Human Sensory Neurons at 20◦C



Kovalsky Y., Amir R., Devor M. Simulation in sensory neurons reveals a key role for delayed Na+ current in subthreshold oscillations and ectopic discharge: implications for neuropathic pain. J Neurophysiol. 2009 Sep102(3):1430-42. doi: 10.1152/jn.00005.2009. Epub 2009 Jul 1. PMID: 19571204.

Model Details

IKDR fast - K+ Delayed Rectifier in Rat Excitatory DCN Projection Neurons at RoomTemperature



Ovsepian S.V., Steuber V., Le BerreM.,O’Hara L.,O’Leary V.B., Dolly J.O. A defined heteromeric KV1 channel stabilizes the intrinsic pacemaking and regulates the output of deep cerebellar nuclear neurons to thalamic targets. J Physiol. 2013 Apr 1591(7):1771-91. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol. 2012.249706. Epub 2013 Jan 14. PMID: 23318870 PMCID: PMC3624850.

Model Details

IKDR slow - K+ Delayed Rectifier in Rat Excitatory DCN Projection Neurons at RoomTemperature



Ovsepian S.V., Steuber V., Le BerreM.,O’Hara L.,O’Leary V.B., Dolly J.O. A defined heteromeric KV1 channel stabilizes the intrinsic pacemaking and regulates the output of deep cerebellar nuclear neurons to thalamic targets. J Physiol. 2013 Apr 1591(7):1771-91. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol. 2012.249706. Epub 2013 Jan 14. PMID: 23318870 PMCID: PMC3624850.

Model Details

IKDR - K+ Delayed Rectifier in Rat SNc DA Neurons at Room Temperature



Moubarak E., Engel D., Dufour M.A., Tapia M., Tell F., Goaillard J.M. Robustness to Axon Initial Segment Variation Is Explained by Somatodendritic Excitability in Rat Substantia Nigra Dopaminergic Neurons. J Neurosci. 2019 Jun 2639(26):5044-5063. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2781-18.2019. Epub 2019 Apr 26. PMID: 31028116 PMCID: PMC6595954.

Model Details

IKDR - Cardiac K+ Delayed Rectifier Expressed in HEK293 Cells at Room Temperature



MacCannell K.A., Bazzazi H., Chilton L., Shibukawa Y., Clark R.B., Giles W.R. A mathematical model of electrotonic interactions between ventricular myocytes and fibroblasts. Biophys J. 2007 Jun 192(11):4121- 32. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.106.101410. Epub 2007 Feb 16. PMID: 17307821 PMCID: PMC1868994.

Model Details

IKdtx - DTX-Sensitive K+ Channel Current in Rat Visceral Sensory Neurons at RoomTemperature



Glazebrook P.A., Ramirez A.N., Schild J.H., Shieh C.C., Doan T., Wible B.A., Kunze D.L. Potassium channels Kv1.1, Kv1.2 and Kv1.6 influence excitability of rat visceral sensory neurons. J Physiol. 2002 Jun 1541(Pt 2):467-82. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2001.018333. PMID: 12042352 PMCID: PMC2290329.

Model Details

Ih - K+ Channel in Human Purkinje Neurons at 24◦C



Akemann W., Knöpfel T. Interaction of Kv3 potassium channels and resurgent sodium current influences the rate of spontaneous firing of Purkinje neurons. J Neurosci. 2006 Apr 2626(17):4602-12. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5204-05.2006. PMID: 16641240 PMCID: PMC6674064.

Model Details

Ih - K+ Channel in Mouse Cerebellum Deep Nucleus Neurons at Room Temperature



Ovsepian S.V., Steuber V., Le BerreM.,O’Hara L.,O’Leary V.B., Dolly J.O. A defined heteromeric KV1 channel stabilizes the intrinsic pacemaking and regulates the output of deep cerebellar nuclear neurons to thalamic targets. J Physiol. 2013 Apr 1591(7):1771-91. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol. 2012.249706. Epub 2013 Jan 14. PMID: 23318870 PMCID: PMC3624850.

Model Details

Ih - K+ Channel in CN Stellate Cells at 22◦C



Rothman J.S., Manis P.B. The roles potassium currents play in regulating the electrical activity of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun89(6):3097-113. doi: 10.1152/jn.00127.2002. PMID: 12783953.

Model Details

Kir - KCNJ Encoded Inward Rectifier Potassium Channel in Rat Cerebellar GranuleCells at Room Temperature



Rossi P., De Filippi G., Armano S., Taglietti V., D’Angelo E. The weaver mutation causes a loss of inward rectifier current regulation in premigratory granule cells of the mouse cerebellum. J Neurosci. 1998 May 1518(10):3537-47. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-10-03537.1998. PMID: 9570785 PMCID: PMC6793145.

More Details

IK1 (Kir2.1) - KCNJ2 Encoded Inward Rectifier Potassium Channel in CardiacMyocytes at Room Temperature



Bett, G.C., Kaplan, A.D., Lis, A., Cimato, T.R., Tzanakakis, E.S., Zhou, Q., Morales, M.J., Rasmusson, R.L. 2013. Electronic “Expression” of the Inward Rectifier in Cardiocytes Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Heart Rhythm. 10(12):1903 − 10.


Model Details

ICa-L (Cav1.2) - CACNA1C Encoded Calcium Channel in Bullfrog Atrial Cells at 22◦C



Rasmusson, R.L., Clark, J.W., Giles, W.R., Robinson, K., Clark, R.B., Shibata, E.F., Campbell, D.L. 1990. A Mathematical Model of Electrophysiological Activity in a Bullfrog Atrial Cell. Am. J. Physiol. 259 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 28):H370-H389.


Model Details

Cav2.1 - CACNA1A Encoded Calcium Channel in Rat Cerebellar Purkinje Neurons at21◦C



Miyasho T., Takagi H., Suzuki H., Watanabe S., Inoue M., Kudo Y., Miyakawa H. Low-threshold potassium channels and a low-threshold calcium channel regulate Ca2+ spike firing in the dendrites of cerebellar Purkinje neurons: a modeling study. Brain Res. 2001 Feb 9891(1- 2):106-15. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03206-6. PMID: 11164813.

Model Details

Cav2.2 - CACNA1B Encoded Calcium Channel in Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells at 24◦C



Huang S.J., Robinson D.W. Activation and inactivation properties of voltage-gated calcium currents in developing cat retinal ganglion cells. Neuroscience. 1998 Jul85(1):239-47. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00351- 5. PMID: 9607715.

Model Details

Cav2.3 - CACNA1E Encoded Calcium Channel in Cat Cerebellar Purkinje Neurons at21◦C



Miyasho T., Takagi H., Suzuki H., Watanabe S., Inoue M., Kudo Y., Miyakawa H. Low-threshold potassium channels and a low-threshold calcium channel regulate Ca2+ spike firing in the dendrites of cerebellar Purkinje neurons: a modeling study. Brain Res. 2001 Feb 9891(1- 2):106-15. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03206-6. PMID: 11164813.

Model Details

Cav3.1 - CACNA1G Encoded Calcium Channel in CHO Cells at Room Temperature



Traboulsie A., Chemin J., Chevalier M., Quignard J.F., Nargeot J., Lory P. Subunit-specific modulation of T-type calcium channels by zinc. J Physiol. 2007 Jan 1578(Pt 1):159-71. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol. 2006.114496. Epub 2006 Nov 2. PMID: 17082234 PMCID: PMC2075129.

Model Details

ICa (HVA) - High Voltage Activated Calcium Channel in Rat Neocortical PyramidalNeurons at Room Temperature



Reuveni I, Friedman A, Amitai Y, Gutnick MJ. Stepwise repolarization from Ca2+ plateaus in neocortical pyramidal cells: evidence for nonhomogeneous distribution of HVA Ca2+ channels in dendrites. J Neurosci. 1993 Nov13(11):4609-21. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-11- 04609.1993. PMID: 8229187 PMCID: PMC6576337.

Model Details

ICa (LVA) - Low Voltage Activated Calcium Channel in Rat Hippocampal CA3Pyramidal Neurons at Room Temperature



Avery RB, Johnston D. Multiple channel types contribute to the low-voltage-activated calcium current in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons. J Neurosci. 1996 Sep 1516(18):5567-82. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-18-05567.1996. PMID: 8795613 PMCID: PMC6578965.

Model Details

INa - Sodium Channel in Adult Guinea Pig VCN Neurons at 22◦C



Rothman J.S., Manis P.B. The roles potassium currents play in regulating the electrical activity of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun89(6):3097-113. doi: 10.1152/jn.00127.2002. PMID: 12783953.

Model Details

INa - SCN Encoded Sodium Channel in Mammal SCN Neurons at Room Temperature



Sim C.K., Forger D.B. Modeling the electrophysiology of suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons. J Biol Rhythms. 2007 Oct22(5):445-53. doi: 10.1177/0748730407306041. PMID: 17876065.

Model Details

INaP Slow - Persistent TTX-Resistant Na+ Channel Current in Spinal Sensory Neuronsat 21◦C



Herzog R.I., Cummins T.R., Waxman S.G. Persistent TTX-resistant Na+ current affects resting potential and response to depolarization in simulated spinal sensory neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2001 Sep86(3):1351- 64. doi: 10.1152/jn.2001.86.3.1351. PMID: 11535682.

Model Details

INaP Fast - Persistent TTX-Resistant Na+ Channel Current in Spinal Sensory Neuronsat 21◦C



Herzog R.I., Cummins T.R., Waxman S.G. Persistent TTX-resistant Na+ current affects resting potential and response to depolarization in simulated spinal sensory neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2001 Sep86(3):1351- 64. doi: 10.1152/jn.2001.86.3.1351. PMID: 11535682.

Model Details

Nav1.1 - SCN1A Encoded Sodium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at Room Temperature



Spampanato J., Aradi I., Soltesz I., Goldin A.L. Increased neuronal firing in computer simulations of sodium channel mutations that cause generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. J Neurophysiol. 2004 May91(5):2040-50. doi: 10.1152/jn.00982.2003. Epub 2003 Dec 31. PMID: 14702334.

Model Details

Nav1.1 - SCN1A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat Co-expressed with β subunit inXenopus Oocytes at Room Temperature



Barela A.J., Waddy S.P., Lickfett J.G., Hunter J., Anido A., Helmers S.L., Goldin A.L., Escayg A. An epilepsy mutation in the sodium channel SCN1A that decreases channel excitability. J Neurosci. 2006 Mar 826(10):2714-23. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2977-05.2006. PMID: 16525050 PMCID: PMC6675156.

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Nav1.1 - SCN1A Encoded Sodium Channel in Human DRG Sensory Neurons at RoomTemperature



Zheng Y., Liu P., Bai L., Trimmer J.S., Bean B.P., Ginty D.D. Deep Sequencing of Somatosensory Neurons Reveals Molecular Determinants of Intrinsic Physiological Properties. Neuron. 2019 Aug 21103(4):598- 616.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.039. Epub 2019 Jun 24. PMID: 31248728 PMCID: PMC6706313.

Model Details

Nav1.2 - SCN2A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat Cortical Neurons at 23◦C



Hu W., Tian C., Li T., YangM., Hou H., Shu Y. Distinct contributions of Na(v)1.6 and Na(v)1.2 in action potential initiation and backpropagation. Nat Neurosci. 2009 Aug12(8):996-1002. doi: 10.1038/ nn.2359. Epub 2009 Jul 26. PMID: 19633666.

Model Details

Nav1.2 - SCN2A Encoded Sodium Channel in Mouse Neocortex Layer 5 PyramidalCells at Room Temperature



Spratt P.W.E., Alexander R.P.D., Ben-Shalom R., Sahagun A., Kyoung H., Keeshen C.M., Sanders S.J., Bender K.J. Paradoxical hyperexcitability from NaV1.2 sodium channel loss in neocortical pyramidal cells. Cell Rep. 2021 Aug 336(5):109483. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109483. PMID: 34348157 PMCID: PMC8719649.

Model Details

Nav1.3 - SCN3A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat Neocortical Cells at 23◦C



Cummins T.R., Aglieco F., Renganathan M., Herzog R.I., Dib-Hajj S.D.,Waxman S.G. Nav1.3 sodium channels: rapid repriming and slow closed-state inactivation display quantitative differences after expression in a mammalian cell line and in spinal sensory neurons. J Neurosci. 2001 Aug 1521(16):5952-61. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-16-05952.2001. PMID: 11487618 PMCID: PMC6763143.

Model Details

INa (Nav1.5) - SCN5A Encoded Sodium Channel in Bullfrog Atrial Cells at 22◦C



Rasmusson, R.L., Clark, J.W., Giles, W.R., Robinson, K., Clark, R.B., Shibata, E.F., Campbell, D.L. 1990. A Mathematical Model of Electrophysiological Activity in a Bullfrog Atrial Cell. Am. J. Physiol. 259 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 28):H370-H389.


Model Details

Nav1.5 - SCN5A Encoded Sodium Channel in Human Cardiac Cells at Room Temperature



Asfaw T.N., Bondarenko V.E. A Mathematical Model of the Human Cardiac Na+ Channel. J Membr Biol. 2019 Feb252(1):77-103. doi: 10.1007/s00232-018-00058-x. Epub 2019 Jan 14. PMID: 30637460.

Model Details

Nav1.5 - SCN5A Encoded Sodium Channel in Human Cardiac Cells at Room TempERATURE



Clancy C.E., Rudy Y. Na(+) channel mutation that causes both Brugada and long-QT syndrome phenotypes: a simulation study of mechanism. Circulation. 2002 Mar 12105(10):1208-13. doi: 10.1161/hc1002.105183. PMID: 11889015 PMCID: PMC1997279.

Model Details

Nav1.5 - SCN5A Encoded Sodium Channel in Human Cardiac Cells at 23-25◦C



Zhang Z., Zhao Z., Liu Y., Wang W., Wu Y., Ding J. Kinetic model of Nav1.5 channel provides a subtle insight into slow inactivation associated excitability in cardiac cells. PLoS One. 2013 May 168(5):e64286. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064286. PMID: 23696876 PMCID: PMC3655986.

Model Details

Nav1.6 - SCN8A Encoded Sodium Channel in Xenopus Oocytes at 23◦C



Hu W., Tian C., Li T., YangM., Hou H., Shu Y. Distinct contributions of Na(v)1.6 and Na(v)1.2 in action potential initiation and backpropagation. Nat Neurosci. 2009 Aug12(8):996-1002. doi: 10.1038/ nn.2359. Epub 2009 Jul 26. PMID: 19633666.

Model Details

Nav1.7 - SCN9A Encoded Sodium Channel in HEK Cells at 22-24◦C



Estacion M.,Waxman S.G.Nonlinear effects of hyperpolarizing shifts in activation of mutant Nav1.7 channels on resting membrane potential. J Neurophysiol. 2017 Apr 1117(4):1702-1712. doi: 10.1152/jn.00898.2016. Epub 2017 Feb 1. PMID: 28148645 PMCID: PMC5380781.

Model Details

Nav1.7 - SCN9A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at Room Temperature



Huang J., Mis, M.A., Tanaka, B. et al. Atypical changes in DRG neuron excitability and complex pain phenotype associated with a Nav1.7 mutation that massively hyperpolarizes activation. Sci Rep 8, 1811 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20221-7


Model Details

Nav1.7 - SCN9A Encoded Sodium Channel in HEK Cells at 21◦C



Sheets P.L., Jackson J.O. 2nd, Waxman S.G., Dib-Hajj S.D., Cummins T.R. A Nav1.7 channel mutation associated with hereditary erythromelalgia contributes to neuronal hyperexcitability and displays reduced lidocaine sensitivity. J Physiol. 2007 Jun 15581(Pt 3):1019-31. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.127027. Epub 2007 Apr 12. PMID: 17430993 PMCID: PMC2170829.

Model Details

Nav1.7 - SCN9A Encoded Sodium Channel in HEK Cells & Rat DRG Neurons at 22◦C



Mandge D., Manchanda R. A biophysically detailed computational model of urinary bladder small DRG neuron soma. PLoS Comput Biol. 2018 Jul 1814(7):e1006293. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006293. PMID: 30020934 PMCID: PMC6066259.

Model Details

Nav1.7 - SCN9A Encoded Sodium Channel in Adult Rat DRG Neurons at 23-24◦C



Ahn H.S., Vasylyev D.V., Estacion M., Macala L.J., Shah P., Faber C.G., Merkies I.S., Dib-Hajj S.D.,Waxman S.G. Differential effect of D623N variant and wild-type Na(v)1.7 sodium channels on resting potential and interspike membrane potential of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Brain Res. 2013 Sep 51529:165-77. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.07.005. Epub 2013 Jul 11. PMID: 23850641.

Model Details

Nav1.7 - SCN9A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at Room Temperature



Alsaloum M., Labau J.I.R., Liu S., Effraim P.R., Waxman S.G. Stem cell-derived sensory neurons modelling inherited erythromelalgia: normalization of excitability. Brain. 2023 Jan 5146(1):359-371. doi: 10.1093/brain/awac031. PMID: 35088838 PMCID: PMC10060693.

Model Details

Nav1.7 - SCN9A Encoded Sodium Channel in Human Peripheral Neurons at 22◦C



Jarecki B.W., Piekarz A.D., Jackson J.O. 2nd, Cummins T.R. Human voltage-gated sodium channel mutations that cause inherited neuronal and muscle channelopathies increase resurgent sodium currents. J Clin Invest. 2010 Jan120(1):369-78. doi: 10.1172/JCI40801. Epub 2009 Dec 28. PMID: 20038812 PMCID: PMC2799199.

Model Details

Nav1.8 - SCN10A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at Room Temperature



Han C., Estacion M., Huang J., Vasylyev D., Zhao P., Dib-Hajj S.D., Waxman S.G. Human Na(v)1.8: enhanced persistent and ramp currents contribute to distinct firing properties of human DRG neurons. J Neurophysiol. 2015 May 1113(9):3172-85. doi: 10.1152/jn.00113.2015. Epub 2015 Mar 18. PMID: 25787950 PMCID: PMC4432682.

Model Details

Nav1.8 - SCN10A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at 21◦C



Sheets P.L., Jackson J.O. 2nd, Waxman S.G., Dib-Hajj S.D., Cummins T.R. A Nav1.7 channel mutation associated with hereditary erythromelalgia contributes to neuronal hyperexcitability and displays reduced lidocaine sensitivity. J Physiol. 2007 Jun 15581(Pt 3):1019-31. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.127027. Epub 2007 Apr 12. PMID: 17430993 PMCID: PMC2170829.

Model Details

Nav1.8 - SCN10A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at 22◦C



Mandge D., Manchanda R. A biophysically detailed computational model of urinary bladder small DRG neuron soma. PLoS Comput Biol. 2018 Jul 1814(7):e1006293. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006293. PMID: 30020934 PMCID: PMC6066259.

Model Details

Nav1.9 - SCN11A Encoded Sodium Channel in Rat DRG Neurons at 22-23◦C



Huang J., Han C., Estacion M., Vasylyev D., Hoeijmakers J.G., Gerrits M.M., Tyrrell L., Lauria G., Faber C.G., Dib-Hajj S.D., Merkies I.S., Waxman S.G. PROPANE Study Group. Gain-of-function mutations in sodium channel Na(v)1.9 in painful neuropathy. Brain. 2014 Jun137(Pt 6):1627-42. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu079. Epub 2014 Apr 27. PMID: 24776970.

Model Details

HCN1 - Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide Channel in MouseDRG Neurons at Room Temperature



Moosmang S., Stieber J., Zong X., Biel M., Hofmann F., Ludwig A. Cellular expression and functional characterization of four hyperpolarization-activated pacemaker channels in cardiac and neuronal tissues. Eur J Biochem. 2001 Mar 268(6):1646-52. doi: 10.1046/j.1432- 1327.2001.02036.x. PMID: 11248683.

Model Details

HCN2 - Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide Channel in Mouse DRG Neurons at Room Temperature



Moosmang S., Stieber J., Zong X., Biel M., Hofmann F., Ludwig A. Cellular expression and functional characterization of four hyperpolarization-activated pacemaker channels in cardiac and neuronal tissues. Eur J Biochem. 2001 Mar 268(6):1646-52. doi: 10.1046/j.1432- 1327.2001.02036.x. PMID: 11248683.

Model Details

HCN3 - Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide Channel in MouseDRG Neurons at Room Temperature



Moosmang S., Stieber J., Zong X., Biel M., Hofmann F., Ludwig A. Cellular expression and functional characterization of four hyperpolarization-activated pacemaker channels in cardiac and neuronal tissues. Eur J Biochem. 2001 Mar 268(6):1646-52. doi: 10.1046/j.1432- 1327.2001.02036.x. PMID: 11248683.

Model Details

HCN4 - Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide Channel in Mouse DRG Neurons at Room Temperature



Moosmang S., Stieber J., Zong X., Biel M., Hofmann F., Lud- wig A. Cellular expression and functional characterization of four hyperpolarization-activated pacemaker channels in cardiac and neuronal tissues. Eur J Biochem. 2001 Mar 268(6):1646-52. doi: 10.1046/j.1432- 1327.2001.02036.x. PMID: 11248683.

Model Details

ISyn - Synaptic Current in Neurons (Coronal Slices of Rat Pre-Frontal Cortex at 23◦C)



Berecki G., Howell K.B., Deerasooriya Y.H., Cilio M.R., Oliva M.K., Kaplan D., Scheffer I.E., Berkovic S.F., Petrou S. Dynamic action potential clamp predicts functional separation in mild familial and severe de novo forms of SCN2A epilepsy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018 Jun 12115(24):E5516-E5525. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1800077115. Epub 2018 May 29. PMID: 29844171 PMCID: PMC6004444.

Model Details

Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz Current/Flux Equation



Hille, Bertil Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes. 3rd ed. Sunderland (Mass.): Sinauer associates, 2001.


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Linear Current


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constant current


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external conductance


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